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Evidence summary (Updated 2022)
A systematic review of 17 RCTs identified 7 studies that had examined the association between resistance exercises in those with osteoarthritis of the knee. A meta-analysis of their results demonstrated a small effect size in favour of improved stiffness (SMD -0.31), identifying that they are beneficial within 12 weeks. The authors advise that exercises including seated leg press, leg extension and leg curls, as well as hip abduction and adduction exercises, can be used to obtain these benefits(24).
Further Systematic reviews found no significant difference in stiffness with aquatic and land-based PA interventions but found that Yoga and Tai-Chi (MD -1.06 and -0.74 respectively) did improve stiffness(4), this was confirmed by the review done by Li et al. with significant improvements in stiffness seen(7). A review by Lauche et al found a significant in improvement in stiffness (SMD =−0.76; 95%CI−1.26,−0.26;p= 0.003) with yoga interventions compared to non-exercise controls(5).
Quality of evidence
B – Moderate quality
Strength of recommendation
1 – Strong
Conclusion
Physical activity prescriptions for those with knee osteoarthritis can be effective for alleviating stiffness .
References
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